What is Idiomatic Translation? Challenges and Solutions

What is idiomatic translation definition? What are the solutions to deal with the challenges of idiomatic translation?

In this article, Thao & Co. explains:

1. ● Definition
2. ● Challenges
3. ● Examples

What is idiomatic translation?

Idiomatic translation is the process of converting idioms, proverbs, fixed expressions, etc. from the source to the target language.

But it’s not just about translating word-by-word. This approach demands a deep understanding of rhetorical devices such as metaphors and metonymy embedded in the idioms of the source language.

“Idiomatic translation reproduces the ‘message’ of the original text but often reshapes nuances by favoring colloquial expressions and idioms in the target language, even if those do not exist in the original.”

Peter Newmark

Translators aim to craft translations that feel natural and relatable to the readers in the target language. This may mean introducing entirely new phrases not found in the source text while still staying true to its intended meaning.

Faithful translation vs. idiomatic translation: What’s the difference?

🔸 Faithful translation: This method requires the translator to prioritize staying close to the source text. Faithful translation focuses on accuracy in terms of vocabulary and grammar, often mirroring the source text.

🔸 Idiomatic translation: This approach focuses on cultural equivalence in expression. It aims to convey the original idiom’s metaphorical meaning and cultural undertones in a way that resonates naturally with the target audience.

The goal of idiomatic translation is to ensure the final text feels natural and intuitive to readers, especially when the source and target languages share similar cultural contexts.

1. Related topics:

1. ● What is summary translation?
2. ● What is communicative translation?

Idiomatic translation examples

1. Source text: Diamond cuts diamond.
2. Faithful translation: Kim cương cắt kim cương.
3. Idiomatic translation: Vỏ quýt dày có móng tay nhọn (Thick tangerine peels could be handled with sharp nails – Vietnamese proverb conveying the same idea: a strong force counters another.)

➡️ While the literal meaning is altered in the idiomatic translation, the metaphorical essence remains intact. This example highlights how cultural knowledge and linguistic nuance are essential for creating an impactful translation.

What are the challenges in idiomatic translation?

Translation, no matter the approach, comes with its fair share of hurdles. Idiomatic translation is no exception.

A common risk is the subtle shifts in meaning or the loss of nuance from the original text. Let’s take a look at some other challenges:

1. ● Ambiguity: Idioms are usually layered with meanings and rhetorical devices like metaphors or metonymy. Accurately transferring these complexities into another language can be daunting.
2. ● Different grammatical structures: Each language has its own grammatical quirks. Translating idioms from one language to another can result in awkward phrasing that feels unnatural in the target language.
3. ● Evolving usage over time: Some idioms become outdated and less relevant as languages evolve. It’s important to opt for idioms that are familiar and accessible to modern audiences.
4. ● Risk of misinterpretation: As idioms have both literal and figurative meanings, it’s easy for translators to misinterpret the source text.

Solutions to enhance idiomatic translations

1. ✅ Research the source and target cultures: Each translation needs to ensure high accuracy in terms of language and message. Translators should carefully study the idioms, cultural nuances, and contextual usage in both languages to choose the most fitting expressions.
2. ✅ Leverage technology and resources: In the digital age, translators have access to online tools, dictionaries, and databases that can help identify suitable idiomatic equivalents. These tools can significantly streamline the translation process.
3. ✅ Collaborate with native speakers: Working with native speakers of the target language can offer valuable insights for precise translation.

Key takeaways

Idiomatic translation can be rather complicated compared to other translation methods. It requires the delicacy and a thorough understanding of cultures and especially languages.

Translators must strike the perfect balance between accuracy and creativity to craft translations that preserve the original essence without compromising clarity or cultural relevance.

Thao & Co. offers translation and proofreading services for impeccable translations that hit the mark every time.

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